How to recognize the effects of sexualized violence in a child

Sexualized violence is one form of violation of the rights of the child that can happen at home, at school, online, in the yard, and virtually everywhere. Sexualized violence against a child can be manifested in the following ways: any act of a sexual nature towards children (staring, kissing, touching, joking, threatening, etc.), forcing a minor to be present or participate in adult sexual intercourse, involving children in the process of preparing pornographic materials, or showing them videos/pictures with that content, watching the child while they are taking a bath or changing clothes, raping a child (this can be done not only with the sexual organ, but also with another body part or object). 

What are the indicators and signs of sexualized violence against children?  

• Discharge or bleeding from the vagina/anus 
• Pain, itching or swelling of the vagina/anus 
• Sexually transmitted diseases 
• Difficulty, pain with urination or defecation 
• Bruising, marks or injuries around breasts, buttocks, abdomen and inner thighs 
• Frequent urination and recurrent urinary tract infections 
• Semen marks or blood on underwear/clothing 
• Recurrent stomach or abdominal pain 
• Headaches
• Difficulty walking or sitting 
• Loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting
• Attempts at self-harm, suicidal thoughts  
• Isolation 
• Aggressive behavior
• Frequent bathing or not following hygiene at all 
• Nightmares, sleep disorders 
• Fear of adults, familiar or unfamiliar
• Age-inappropriate knowledge about sexuality, sexual relations, or unusual interest in sexuality, sexual relations of adults 
• Frequent and pronounced masturbation in public places or in the presence of other people 
• Adolescent pregnancy
• Tendency to cover/hide body
• Regressive behavior (e.g. bedwetting)
• Speech problems
• Avoiding physical contact, such as refusing to hug mom
• Depression, mood swings
• Sexual intercourse with random people or sexual behavior and interest.

Note that the effects of sexualized violence may differ from child to child, other signs may be observed that have not been mentioned here.